Wednesday, July 1, 2015

Pit Bulls-What's Real.What's Not.

      Before we get started, I want to say thank you to the latest Save 90 advertisers:
The Red Garter 
and
Alexruz Photography 

     In addition, Save 90 thanks new personal contributors for their generosity:
Amy Elias 
Sheldon and Jamie Caplis 
and
Kathleen and Jim McGee

     All money raised through ads and contributions is donated to rescue organizations and shelters. 
     You'll find the latest ads below the text of this post, along with a complete list of Save 90 advertisers and contributors. There is also a thank you message from the latest animal rescue group to receive a donation from Save 90, "Seniors for Seniors", and a list of all the organizations that have received a $750 Save 90 contribution. 


Now on to the latest news:
Success and Then Some! Baltimore 500 Update

     Woo Hoo! The Baltimore 500 needs to be renamed the Baltimore 805.
     You may have read in the last Save 90 post that the 
Baltimore County Animal Shelter (BCAS) participated in the Baltimore 500, along with members of the Baltimore Animal Welfare Alliance (the MD SPCA, BARCS, and the Baltimore Humane Society). The aim of the Baltimore 500 was to find homes for 500 cats, by offering free adoptions during the month of June. 
     We're in the middle of kitten season, and the shelters are full of litters needing homes. So, it's a particularly important time to increase adoptions.
     The number of adopted cats hit 805 for all four shelters. The BCAS total is 150. Truly wonderful. 
    The Baltimore County Animal Shelter's participation in these efforts is another indication of positive change.

But Wait. There's More. 
     As Baltimore County prepares to conduct a pilot Trap, Neuter, Return (TNR) program for free-roaming cats, it is suspending its practice of giving citations to those who redeem TNR'd cats at BCAS. 
     Here's what this is about. Some of the cats in our community have already been TNR'd by animal advocates (even though the county has not approved of the practice). Sometimes these TNR'd cats are among those picked up by Baltimore County Animal Control and taken to the shelter. 
     Animal advocates often redeem these cats at the shelter and take them back to the areas where they were found (which is the principle behind TNR).
     Until recently, these people faced fines and citations every time they redeemed one of these cats. But Baltimore County is changing its policy. 
     Take a look at the following, written by a local animal advocate who has redeemed 19 cats since the fall of 2014:
     "Today, I received notification that ALL my pending citations were withdrawn and my newest one was reduced to a warning."
     This is wonderful news and shows commitment to the concept of TNR as the county prepares to begin its TNR pilot.
     To learn more about TNR, here's a link to a Save 90 video about the Community Cat Project in Baltimore City. 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6wzXge74s4

And more.
    Baltimore County has filled the two new shelter positions of volunteer coordinator and foster coordinator, and both staff members are on the job. The county says once they are settled in their new positions, they will be introduced to the public.

Reduced Shelter Fees
     Baltimore County has announced new reduced fees for adoption, micro-chipping and spay/neuter procedures with further reduced fees for U.S veterans. In addition, there are further reduced adoption fees during the July 4th holiday from July 1st-5th. This makes these important services more accessible to low-income residents. 
Here are the new lowered fees with comparisons to the previous costs:
                            New Fee:      New US Veteran Fee   July 1-5              FormerFee
Spay/Neuter                      Dogs $20        Dogs $20                                                    Dogs $65
(includes micro-                 Cats $20           Cats $20                                                    Cats $50
chipping, 
first distemper and
rabies shots, deworming 
and county license)

Adoption                            Dogs $50         Dogs $25                          $25                     Dogs $65 
                                            Cats $40           Cats $20                           $20                     Cats $50

Micro-Chip                       $10                    $10                                                                $25


Baltimore Humane Society-What a Great Idea!
     This spring, the Baltimore Humane Society started taking shelter animals to visit dementia patients at Stella Maris. This is great for the patients and for the dogs who get time out of the shelter as well as socialization. 
Applause to Bmore Humane!
    
Now on to the heart of this post:
Pit Bulls-What's Real. What's Not.

     "Pit Bulls"...say these words, then sit back and listen to the polarized debate that erupts. 
     Some will describe these animals as the terrorists of the dog world...inherently vicious, not to be trusted. Others believe that Pits have been unfairly demonized (and abused) because of the failings and criminal behavior of some owners, and that the vast majority of these dogs are victims of misconceptions perpetuated by the media. 
     Regardless of your point of view, one thing's for sure: our shelters are full of Pit Bull-like dogs (so-called bully breeds) that need homes. 
     In a recent check of the Baltimore County Animal Shelter's list of available dogs, 27 out of 32 were listed as Pit Bull Terriers.     
      This is not just a local problem. The ASPCA looked at 45 shelters in 2014 and found that bully breeds ranked number one in intake as well as euthanasia. 
    So, these animals get hit from all sides. Their numbers are high. Their ongoing demonization makes it more difficult for shelters and rescues to find homes for them. It's a perfect storm that leads to high euthanasia. 
     If you care about animals, this is a tragedy and must be addressed. Where do we begin?

Let's start with full disclosure
     Despite all my work with the animal community, I admit I've been affected by the many stories I've seen and heard about Pit Bull aggression. I'm nervous when I meet a new Pit Bull unless he or she is outgoing and obviously friendly. I know how strong Pit Bulls are, and I don't want to be a bite victim. 
     That said, my step-daughter adopted a Pit Bull that was truly a gentle soul...well-behaved, sweet, and friendly. And I've met many other Pit Bulls that are the same. 
     I'm confused. Is my apprehension of these dogs justified or not? Surely I'm not the only one who wants to know the truth. So, let's discuss what's real and what's not. 

What is a Pit Bull?
     There is, in fact, no AKC recognized Pit Bull breed. Rather, the term, "Pit Bull" describes a number of dog breeds. Those commonly referred to as Pit Bulls are American Pit Bull Terriers, American Staffordshire Terriers, Staffordshire Bull Terriers, and 
English Bull Terriers. 
    But other breeds are often misidentified as Pits...like Mastiffs








American Bulldogs







Boxers







and Plott Hounds
 
     



     People make mistakes about the breed because we have come to think any short-haired dog with a square head and jaw is a Pit Bull. Shelter employees often make the same mistake when they identify the dogs in their care. According to the National Canine Research Council, DNA identification of breeds has shown that labeling of mixed-breed dogs in shelters is extremely unreliable. 
     So, if you adopt a dog that's labeled a Pit Bull, what you actually get is a mystery. It could be one of many breeds that are Pit Bulls or not, or it could be a combination.
     These traits (square head and jaw) are also frequently used to determine the breed of animals involved in cases of bites and maulings. Surely many of these aggressive dogs are mislabeled as well. 
     And when a vicious dog is mistakenly identified as a 
Pit Bull, it unfairly adds to the narrative that Pit Bulls are dangerous.   
     See if you can correctly identify which dog is a Pit Bull in the test at this link: http://www.pickthepit.com/      
     
 History    
     According to the ASPCA, Pit Bulls are descendants of the original English bull-baiting dog—a dog bred to bite and hold bulls, bears and other large animals around the face and head. This form of sport was outlawed in Britain in the 1800's. 
    That's when people began breeding bull-baiting dogs with terriers to make a more agile animal, and began fighting the dogs against one another. 
     Once the dogs made their way into the U.S., they were not just used for fighting but also for herding, and protecting livestock and families. 
     The ASPCA says, "Pit Bulls...not used for fighting were considered ideal family pets—affectionate, loyal and gentle with children." 
     In fact,  Pit Bulls were so beloved, they were known as "America's dog" and were represented throughout popular culture during the first half of the 20th Century. 
     For example, they were featured on U.S. recruiting posters during World War I. 


























Pit Bulls were on the WWI battlefield too. One named 
Sergeant Stubby was the official mascot of the 102nd Infantry, participated in 17 battles, saved his regiment from mustard gas attacks, and once caught a German soldier by the seat of his pants. He was even awarded a gold medal by General John J. Pershing. 















Pit Bulls appeared on television and in advertising. One played Petey in the TV show, "Our Gang". 


























A Pit Bull was featured in ads for Buster Brown Shoes and RCA Victor





     













       
    









      











And Pit Bulls even graced the cover of Life Magazine. Three times.




     


     
     Many famous people had Pit Bulls as pets including two
Presidents (Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt), as well as 
Thomas Edison, Helen Keller, Fred Astaire, and Humphrey Bogart.
     After WWII, the Pit Bull's popularity began to decline, as other breeds came into favor, but the dogs maintained a good reputation until the 1980's. That's when stories of the dangerous fighting dog became common in the media. 
     Many think the negative publicity actually added to Pit Bulls' woes as their tough reputation made them popular among gang members and other criminals. As a result, people increasingly associated these dogs with the worst element of society. 
     But despite all of that, tests conducted by the 
American Temperament Test Society (ATTS) show the vast majority of American Pit Bull Terriers are, in fact, good dogs. The ATTS tests for a dog’s ability to interact with humans, human situations, and the environment. 
     In 2013, the Society tested 870 American Pit Bull Terriers. 86.8% passed the test. 
     That's better than many other breeds including Collies (80.3%), Beagles (80%), even Golden Retrievers (85.2%)! 
Surprised? 
     
But wait-isn't fighting part of the Pit Bull's genetic makeup?
     Yes and no. First of all, you have to remember many of the dogs we identify as Pit Bulls are mixes...they have two or probably more different breeds in their lineage. Their genetics have strayed from purebred genetics. 
     And there's great disparity even among dogs of the same pure breed. 
     According to the ASPCA, "...tremendous behavioral variation exists among individuals of the same breed or breed type...behavior develops through a complex interaction between environment and genetics."
     So, in addition to variations within breeds, a dog's environment and socialization play an enormous role in its behavior. There are many periods during a dog's development that greatly affect its behavior. 
     According to Baltimore Animal Trainer and Behavior Counselor Marty Sitnick, "An animal's socialization is particularly important in the first 16 weeks of life. Animals exposed to all kinds of things during that time, including different people, other animals, even noisy things like vacuum cleaners will likely be well-adjusted, happy, and loving, and unlikely to act aggressively out of fear."
     An absence of socialization and training during each critical phase can result in all kinds of negative behavior, including aggression. And because many Pit Bulls are mistreated at the hands of dog fighters and other criminals, clearly they're not getting the kind of socialization and love and training that a cherished family pet would receive.  
     But if you believe Pit Bulls are naturally aggressive toward humans, consider this: Sitnick says even animals chosen for fighting must be gentle toward humans. Otherwise, there would be too much of a risk for the people handling them.
     Think about it. It makes sense.
     An article written by Karen Delise called 
"The Pit Bull Placebo 
The Media, Myths and Politics of Canine Aggression", published by the National Canine Research Council, elaborates on this point.
     Here's an excerpt:
     "Even if we were to believe the claims of dog fighters about the extraordinary ability of the Pit bull, one cannot conclude that this translates into aggressiveness or dangerousness towards humans... Throughout history most types of dogs were bred for specialized aggression or behaviors towards specific prey (Irish Wolfhound, Scottish Deerhound, Rat Terrier, Foxhound, etc.). A dog encouraged, either by artificial selection and/or by training to excel in hunting, fighting or killing other animals, has never been considered a precursor or basis for aggression towards humans."
     The Delise article is very thorough. Here's a link:
http://nationalcanineresearchcouncil.com/uploaded_files/publications/230603563_Pit%20Bull%20Placebo.pdf

Dog Fighting and Pit Bulls 
     Dog fighting is a federal offense in the United States but takes place in communities all over the country. It's a tragedy for the animals. They not only face injury and death through fighting, but are often starved and otherwise abused to encourage aggressive behavior. 
     This blood sport really came front and center in 2007, when football quarterback Michael Vick faced charges for an interstate dog fighting ring run on his Virginia property.
     Articles about the case included horror stories of dogs that didn't perform well in the ring and, as a result, were shot, hosed down and electrocuted, even hanged. Vick and his partner reportedly killed one dog by slamming it to the ground repeatedly until its neck was broken. 
       Vick pleaded guilty to federal felony charges and served 21 months in prison. But then there was the dilemma over what to do with the dogs found on his property. 
     Many insisted they should be put down because of their obvious violent nature and killer instincts. But animal organizations maintained there was still hope for them. And in fact, there was. 
     Reports say only two of the dogs were euthanized, one for behavior and the other for injuries. Forty-seven went to sanctuaries to be rehabilitated. They became known as the "Vicktory" dogs. Some remain at sanctuaries today while others were successfully adopted and became loving members of their adopting families. 
     Two even received therapy dog certification, and accompanied their owners to visit hospital and nursing home patients, as well as kids in school!
     As horrible as the Michael Vick case was, it had a silver lining. Because the Vicktory dogs were such success stories, many animals seized in subsequent dog fighting cases have also been allowed to survive. Many have gone on to lead happy lives as beloved pets. 
     If animals forced to fight can recover from their mistreatment and go on to have wonderful outcomes, any thinking person would have to pause before condemning all Pit Bulls as vicious. 
    
Breed-Specific Legislation (BSL)
     Yet breed discrimination is widespread in many countries and jurisdictions in the U.S. Some places outlaw Pit Bulls entirely through something known as Breed-Specific Legislation or 
Breed-Specific Laws (BSL).
     Here in Maryland, Prince Georges County legally prohibits 
Pit Bull ownership.
     Surely this was done with good intention in an effort to protect public safety. But a host of agencies and groups say this effort is misguided. Among those opposed to Breed Specific Legislation are The Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the American Bar Association, the American Humane Association, 
the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), and the ASPCA. 
     Why? The CDC says there is no measure to determine which breeds are more likely to bite or kill. 
     The AVMA says, "In contrast to what has been reported in the news media, the data CANNOT be used to infer any breed-specific risk for dog bite fatalities."
     The ASPCA blames BSL for a host of "negative consequences". Among them, 
  • owners of outlawed dogs go into hiding to prevent detection, avoiding licensing and even proper veterinary care, creating implications for the dogs and public safety. 
  • Good owners and dogs are punished under BSL.
  • BSL compromises rather than enhances public safety when limited animal control resources are used to regulate or ban a certain breed of dog, and the focus is shifted away from routine, effective enforcement of animal laws like licensing laws, leashing laws, and laws that require owners to control their dogs, regardless of breed.  
The Solesky Ruling
     In 2012, a 10-year-old boy, Dominic Solesky, was viciously attacked and severely injured by a dog reportedly identified by its owner as a Pit Bull. Dominic's father, Anthony Solesky, sued the dog owner's landlord. 
     This ultimately led to a ruling by Maryland's highest court, the MD Court of Appeals, which deemed Pit Bulls "inherently dangerous".
     The Court also ruled that landlords and owners of 
Pit Bulls could be held liable in an attack, even if there was no evidence that they knew the dog was dangerous. 
     As a result of the ruling, anyone who wanted to sue needed only to prove that owners and landlords knew the dog was a Pit Bull. This would make them financially responsible for injuries.
     After the Solesky ruling, Amy Wiedefeld, a board member of a Pit Bull rescue and rehabilitation group called "Baltimore Bully Crew", says her organization "began to receive an obscene number of requests for... help." These calls came from Pit Bull owners who could not find housing or whose landlords told them they had to move out if they didn't get rid of their dog.  
     In 2014, Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley signed a bill passed by the MD General Assembly that negated the Solesky ruling, by replacing it with breed-neutral legislation. The law now holds all dog owners liable for their dogs, regardless of breed... and landlords and other third parties no longer face strict liability.  
      But all those housing problems have not gone away. Many landlords maintain their rental restrictions. That's partly because most insurance companies won't grant policies to landlords if their renters have Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, Akitas, Dobermans, and some other breeds. 
     Amy Wiedefeld continues to advocate for renters and work to educate landlords and insurers. She insists the issue isn't about 
Pit Bulls, but rather about responsible pet ownership. If an owner's dog is up to date on shots, has no bite history, and is spayed or neutered, she argues, they should be allowed to rent. 
     The spay/neuter component is extremely important. According to the ASPCA, more than 70% of all dog bite cases involve un-neutered male dogs, and 97% of dogs involved in fatal dog attacks in 2006 were not spayed/neutered.
     No one wants reckless owners and dangerous dogs in their community. But Wiedefeld believes every dog and owner should be considered on their specific merits and that a blanket ban is unfair and unreasonable.

Myths
     There is widespread belief that Pit Bulls have locking jaws. This is a myth. No type of dog has been found to have a mechanism that enables them to “lock” their top and bottom jaws together.     
     Their jaws are also not the strongest in the dog world. According to NationalGeographic.com, their jaws exert 235 pounds per square inch. That's lower than the average for all dogs which is 320 pounds per square inch. 

Media Distortion
     Media stories about Pit Bulls play a huge role in public perception of the dogs. 
     Unfortunately, a sensational story draws more readers and listeners than a boring one. 
     After all, which of these headlines would grab your interest: 
 “Family Pit Bull Mauls Tot to Death” versus

“Abused Chained Dog Kills Toddler”
     That's an example of media manipulation included in 
"The Pit Bull Placebo" by Karen Delise. Here's another excerpt:

     "Not only are there different types of biased reporting, but the media has been relentless in pursuing all things “Pit bull.” Despite claims to the contrary, there is no question the media vastly over-reports Pit bull attacks as compared to other breed attacks.
- In September 2003, a young boy was killed by a Husky-type dog in Alaska. The incident was covered briefly in only two Alaskan newspapers.
- In December 2003, an elderly woman was killed by a “pack of Pit bulls” in Florida. (None of these dogs were actually Pit bulls—four were identified by animal control as Lab mixes and two were Pit bull mixes.) This story was covered in over 200 major U.S. newspapers and television stations, and was reported in newspapers in Australia, the United Kingdom, South Africa and Canada.
- In 2004, a man was killed by his large mixed breed dog in California. The briefest mention of this attack (less than 50 words) could be found only in the local newspaper.
- A month later, a child was killed by a Pit bull in Michigan and this story ran in over 100 national and international newspapers."
     
      Here's another story involving media distortion mentioned in 
"The Pit Bull Placebo":
“Grandmother mauled to death by family’s Pit bulls” (Newsday, December 10, 2002) One article claimed that one Pit bull was “covered in blood.” This same Pit bull in another
article “appeared to have blood” on him (the him was actually a female dog). One neighbor claimed, “the dogs were vicious, they barked a lot and looked vicious.” Another neighbor claimed they were nice dogs...
The daughter, the owner of the dogs, could not believe they would have killed her elderly mother. She hired an independent forensic pathologist from the renowned Henry Lee Forensic Institute to review and re-evaluate the findings of the initial autopsy report. Only then was it discovered that the woman had died from a cardiac arrhythmia, and the few bite wounds on her body were non-lethal and post mortem. Her death was attributed to natural causes and it was determined the dogs did not participate or contribute to her death. There was a dangerous dog hearing which resulted in both dogs being released back to the daughter.
No retraction or correction was ever printed about this “Pit bull attack.” This incident remains permanently archived in the newspapers and on the Internet as a “Pit bull-related fatality.”
     
     It is true...some Pit Bulls may be aggressive. But so are many other dogs. The media just doesn't tell you about them because those other breeds don't have the Pit Bull's reputation, and, as a result, those stories just aren't that "sexy".  

The Role of Humans in Dog Aggression
     Owning a dog is a great responsibility but not all dog owners act responsibly. That irresponsible behavior is often to blame for terrible outcomes. 

  • Many fail to spay and neuter their dogs. 

Most people think the only reason to spay or neuter their dog is to stop animal overpopulation, but in fact, this also plays an important role in aggressive behavior. As I mentioned earlier, the ASPCA says more than 70% of dog bite cases involve un-neutered male dogs, and 97% of dogs involved in fatal dog attacks in 2006 were not spayed/neutered.
By the way, the Pit Bull that attacked the Dominic Solesky was male and was not neutered.

  •      People leave dogs chained outside. 
The Humane Society of the United States says an otherwise friendly and happy dog, when kept continually chained and isolated, often becomes neurotic, unhappy, anxious, and aggressive.
And the ASPCA says a chained or tethered dog is 2.8 times more likely to bite than a dog that is not chained or tethered. 

  •      People mistreat their dogs. 
The ASPCA says 84% of dogs involved in fatal attacks in 2006 were maintained by reckless owners. They were abused or neglected, not humanely controlled or contained, or allowed to interact with children unsupervised. 
     Should we blame the dogs in these cases or their irresponsible owners?

Where does this leave us? Are Pit Bulls dangerous or not?
    Here's what seems to be the only sensible response to that question: there is no blanket answer. Every dog must be evaluated as an individual. There are aggressive dogs of every breed, and some of them are Pit Bulls. 
    Should you be cautious when meeting a new Pit Bull? Yes. You should be cautious when meeting any dog.
     But if you take the approach that each dog should be judged as an individual, you will find there are a huge number of very gentle, loving, wonderful Pit Bull-type dogs.
    Unfortunately, as long as Pit Bulls are favored by dog fighters and criminals and are abused to create aggressive results; as long as people fail to have their dogs spayed/neutered; as long as owners neglect and abuse their dogs; as long as people use their dogs for guarding and keep them chained or tethered outdoors; as long as the media continues to report stories of Pit Bull bites but say virtually nothing about the hundreds of thousands of other bites each year; the Pit Bull's bad reputation will be difficult to break.
     Save 90 hopes this post can contribute to setting the record straight. Please share it. 
     And if you want to see some of the amazing Pit Bulls in our area, check out the three vignettes in this short video (less than 
2 1/2 minutes).  
     If a picture is worth a thousand words, video must be good for a million. 



Here are the latest Save 90 ads from 
The Red Garter 
and 
Alexruz Photography


Here's a thank you message from Marcy George, the Director of Seniors for Seniors Cat Rescue which is the latest recipient of a Save 90 $750 donation


The complete list of Save 90 advertisers ( Save 90 hopes you'll support them):
Chesapeake Contracting
Needles and Threads of Ruxton
Bare Necessities
Edie Brown Associates
The Mark Building Company
Studio of Makeup
BJS Insurance
Parsonizing Dry Cleaners
Graul's Market
Zibazz Hair Studio
Linens and Lingerie
Betsy Robinson's Bridal Collection
Nationwide Nissan
The Jewelry Lady
The Big Screen Store and The Sofa Store
Barre at the Quarry
The Lichter Group
The Little Shoebox
Window Consultants, Inc.
Matava Shoes
Gourmet Again
Four Corners Travel
Charles Levine Caterers
Len Stoler Auto Group
Eddie's of Roland Park on North Charles Street
Studio 111
Great Finds and Designs
Stone Mill Bakery
The Manor Shopping Center Merchants Association
The Silberstein Insurance Group: Employee Benefits Consultants 
The Suburban House Restaurant
Zibazz Day Spa and Makeup Art
Steven Caplan, Esq.
Anne George (Bark Busters)
Greetings and Readings
Mary Jane Buettner, Author
About Faces
Stevenson Village Veterinary Hospital
Cavalier Realty
Octavia Boutique
Andy's Animals
The Red Garter
Alexruz Photography 


Individual Contributors to Save 90:
Jim and Bonnie Hunter
Marty Sitnick
Elmo Barranco
Eric Brennan
Amy Elias
Sheldon and Jamie Caplis
Kathleen and Jim McGee

Recipients of Save 90:
Animal Allies Rescue Foundation
Adopt a Homeless Animal
Feline Rescue Association
Tara's House
Bella's Bully Buddies
Homeward Trails
Recycled Love
BARCS
Baltimore Humane Society
Rescue Well
Seniors for Seniors 
Total funds raised so far: $8566.00

If you know of a business that would like to buy an ad or an individual who would like to donate to Save 90, please ask them to email me at debstone01@comcast.net

Thank you!
     





  

12 comments:

  1. Thank you for your wonderful and educational blog. I'm so excited to see the good news from BCAS and for Baltimore County animals with the TNR project. Thank you BCAS for working with residents instead of against them. Hope for more good news in the future.

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  2. This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.

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  3. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  4. Thanks for the great information about pit bulls! My husband wants to get one, but I wasn't sure how well it would get along with our greyhound. It is really sad how many of these dogs end up in shelters because people don't do the research first. Since much of the information about pit bulls being overly aggressive is wrong, I think one would get along just fine with our dog. http://ironkingkennels.com/forsale.html

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    Replies
    1. I would advise you to work with a rescue so they can help you find the right pit bull...one that gets along with other dogs. Bella's Bully Buddies is a good one...Tara's house is also good...or Baltimore Bully Crew... Or Adopt A Homeless Animal (AAHA)

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    2. Thank you so much for reading my blog!

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  5. This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.

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  6. I am so proud of you being able to spread the awareness through your writing.

    ReplyDelete
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  8. Hello Everybody,
    My name is Mrs Sharon Sim. I live in Singapore and i am a happy woman today? and i told my self that any lender that rescue my family from our poor situation, i will refer any person that is looking for loan to him, he gave me happiness to me and my family, i was in need of a loan of S$250,000.00 to start my life all over as i am a single mother with 3 kids I met this honest and GOD fearing man loan lender that help me with a loan of S$250,000.00 SG. Dollar, he is a GOD fearing man, if you are in need of loan and you will pay back the loan please contact him tell him that is Mrs Sharon, that refer you to him. contact Dr Purva Pius,via email:(urgentloan22@gmail.com) Thank you.

    BORROWERS APPLICATION DETAILS


    1. Name Of Applicant in Full:……..
    2. Telephone Numbers:……….
    3. Address and Location:…….
    4. Amount in request………..
    5. Repayment Period:………..
    6. Purpose Of Loan………….
    7. country…………………
    8. phone…………………..
    9. occupation………………
    10.age/sex…………………
    11.Monthly Income…………..
    12.Email……………..

    Regards.
    Managements
    Email Kindly Contact: urgentloan22@gmail.com

    ReplyDelete
  9. Hello Deborah Stone, your articles are very useful and I have been reading them for quite a long time. Keep sharing the informative blog for your readers.

    Best Regards,
    Perrie Jinnie
    Pet Grooming Tips

    ReplyDelete

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